Political Economists Can Gain A Useful Insight Into The...

This paper will explore whether political economists can gain a useful insight into the utility of economic sanctions if they utilise game theoretical modelling. It will explore the various strengths and weaknesses of using such models, and whether there are any ways to rectify these weaknesses. My hypothesis is that game theory is a highly useful model for understanding sanctions, however the framework by which one analyses can vary and alter the games. Realists frameworks can allow us to gain a little insight, but game theory seems to yield more impressive insights when used within an institutionalist framework. The next step for the leading game theorist scholars in international affairs, is to improve on existing models by†¦show more content†¦Shubik provides us with a useful set of features by which we can analyse whether game theory can be considered relevant when thinking about state actors (Shubik 1964: 27): 1. Do countries commit to particular actions before entering the â€Å"game†? 2. Are there only two major alternative actions, which a country can take? 3. Do values such as the pay-offs, costs and benefits, stay fixed over the period of negotiations? 4. Does timing affect negotiations? 5. Do individuals think in terms of strategies? Can they be taught to think in terms of strategies? Should they think in terms of strategies? 6. Surely negotiations between two countries are part of a larger on-going process and cannot be studied in isolation but must be investigated in a complete dynamic context? Although these are early concerns, they are still relevant concerns of the theoretical model. Game theory has matured with the development of computers, which might allow for some of these weaknesses to have been accounted for, as the models can become more sophisticated, however, there are some questions that seem to attack the foundations of the model. For instance, if we answer â€Å"no† to the questions posed in point 5, game theory would appear to be invalidated as an approach. The complexity of economic sanctions The literature on economic sanctions is dominated by the empirical research ofShow MoreRelated International Free Trade and World Peace Essay6197 Words   |  25 Pagescentral, rather, the nature of trade that is crucial. This distinction will be explored by studying the arguments of key economic and political thinkers of both the 18th and 20th centuries. The general nature of trade, the role of national government regarding trade and security, trades capacity to befriend belligerent nations, and finally, the influence of international economic institutions will be explored. In an attempt to present a fairly broad range of sources, this study features the ideasRead MoreCase Studies in IMFs Investment on the African Continent10534 Words   |  42 Pagesof it, for example. So the importer must exchange its own currency, or what amounts to the same thing real output or gold or other foreign reserves or the like, to acquire some of the exporters currency from other countries. Only then in many cases can the importing country then acquire the exporters goods. This all caused complexities that ended up costing real money and reducing international trade, as nations scrambled to acquire currency for the various different goods their citizens demandedRead MoreThe Sustainable Century By Design Or Disaster9705 Words   |  39 Pages............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Boiling Billions of Frogs................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. iii The New S P – What a New Pope Can do for SustainabilityError! Bookmark not defined. Capitalism: It’s What We Got ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 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Definition of Intrapreneurship - The term intrapreneurship refers to entrepreneurial activities that receive organizational sanction and resource commitments for the purpose of innovative results. Definition of Intrapreneur -According to Griffin, â€Å"Intrapreneur is an extrepreneurial person employed by a corporation and encouraged to be innovative and creative, a person withRead MoreQuestions on Oligopoly19013 Words   |  77 Pagesmonopolistically competitive. (iii) an oligopoly. a. (i) or (ii) b. (ii) or (iii) c. (i) or (iii) d. (i) only ANSWER: c. (i) or (iii) TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 16.1 17. In which of the following markets is economic profit driven to zero in the long run? a. oligopoly b. monopoly c. perfect competition d. All of the above are correct. ANSWER: c. perfect competition TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 16.1 18. The typical firm inRead MoreEssay about Hold Up Problem19245 Words   |  77 Pageswe look at economic institutions. 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Historical Significance of Eleanor Rigby - 3568 Words

Overview A song by Beatles, Eleanor Rigby was released simultaneously on the album Revolver in the year 1966 as well as on a 45 rpm single. Primarily, the song was written by Paul McCartney and was dedicated to Lennon McCartney (Miles, 1997). George Martin did a great job at making a string quartet arrangement. The striking lyrics about loneliness along with the arrangement transformed the kind of songs from what were mostly pop-oriented to the kind that were studio-based. There is no second opinion about the fact that this song made a dent in the conventions of the popular music; both in terms of lyrics and music (Campbell and Bondy, 2008). Pertaining to the fates and concerns of the elderly that are mostly neglected, Richie Unterberger has said that this is one of the main reasons why Beatles have been able to catch the attention of people who are beyond the traditional rock audience (Unterberger, 2013). Historical Significance This song also has a historical connotation since there is a gravestone by the name of Eleanor Rigby in St. Peters Churchyard that is situated in Woolton, United Kingdom. It should be noted that Woolton is a suburb of the city of Liverpool and this is where Lennon and McCartney first met during a fete at St. Peters Church. According to the gravestone that bears the name of Eleanor, she died at the age of 44 in the year 1939. Nonetheless, Eleanor is not the kind of lonely people that the Beatles have stressed upon in their song as she was

Advantages of buying a casket now Free Essays

Death is perhaps the most feared topics of all that people can talk about. Its not that by avoiding it we will thus not die, but most people are superstitious about it and think that by avoiding discussing it then they are driving themselves away from it as possible. The issue goes beyond discussing death and includes preparing for it. We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages of buying a casket now or any similar topic only for you Order Now Human culture in most societies has it that death is an issue best left to some supreme unknown powers and forces, and any behavior or actions that contravenes this acts in inviting death. Rimpoche (2001) states that the best way to prepare for death in our lifetime is by living life and practicing the vices of life such as patience, love and compassion. It is therefore indispensable to ignore death and considering preparation for its occurrence is as important as living life. Considering preparing for death as building a solid foundation for your death, planning for death today is one of the most important investments one can accord himself. One of the major steps towards this preparation is buying a casket today. Buying a casket today has a lot of advantages that can be foregone if this simple decision is left for another day. Buying a casket involves making choices that depend most on one’s tastes and preferences on such factors as the casket’s color, design and other personal factors. One of the advantages of buying a casket now is to avoid the last minute purchase which is usually influenced by grieving. Most decisions about funeral purchases are made by people when grieving. This affects their choice and in the end what is picked up may not be the ideal casket one would want to be buried in. Further more, purchasing a casket during the grieving period is hindered by time constraints and inadequate variety to choose from. Another factor to consider is that funeral service providers make things expensive just when they know you need them the most and you have very little in terms of choice and options. This can be avoided if the purchase is done well before that time comes and that time is now. This is an issue of saving money and is therefore an advantage worth considering. Saving money on the casket can also be achieved by making the choice to purchase the casket now. This is because the purchase will be able to be done from a store of your choice and discounting be discussed. It will also be a big relief to family members or friends who would have to take up the task of finding a casket for you. Every person knows their choice and preference and being able to exercise this is usually given high respect. Having somebody else pick out your casket may be a big task to him, not knowing whether you will be truly happy with the casket or not. Buying the casket yourself today will help in avoiding this situation and at the same time allow one to pick a casket of their choice. The choice for one’s casket is can be done today and the advantages of doing so today are much more than those of postponing the task. Prices for most commodities never go down but keep on going up instead. Buying a casket of your choice today can help avoid future expectations in price increases of caskets. It is also an advisable consideration when one wants to make all the preparations concerning their after life. People always make preparations for all events in their lives and so preparing for their death is not a different matter. It is just a phase of life, just like wedding is, and the advantages one derives from buying their wedding gowns way before the wedding day comes are more or less similar to the advantages one would reap from buying their casket today, way before their burial day arrives. People need to realize these benefits and change their casket purchasing habits and plans to save on a lot of costs that would be unavoidable if done otherwise. The place one will lie after their death is as important as the bed they lie today, and just as much as a person loves a certain bed, that it the same way one should love the casket they will lie in. Loving the casket begins with buying it now, for that will ensure you will use a casket of your choice, not an imposed one. Reference. Rimpoche, G., (2001). Good life, good death. New York, U.S.A; Riverhead Books. Â   How to cite Advantages of buying a casket now, Papers

Age Of Miracles By Karen Walker Thompson †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Age Of Miracles By Karen Walker Thompson. Answer: Julia is a sensitive eleven-year-old girl who is experiencing a lot of changes around her at the same time. She lives in California near the coast. The Slowing is something that has altered the lives of everyone on the planet. The plot of The Age of Miracles by Karen Walker Thompson shows the effect of a natural problem has on everyone through the eyes of an adolescent young girl. The Earth has slowed down, meaning that every notion everyone has about the concept of days and nights or the twenty four hour format of a whole day is rendered immaterial overnight (Walker). Day and night both grew longer and experts announce that this phenomenon would have staggering effect on every other natural event: crops would be affected massively and the slowing would prove to be devastating for the worlds food supply. Julia and her best friend Hannah learn about the earths change from the television and Julia experiences a whirlpool of changes right after this (Walker). The gravitational pull of the planet changes and birds begin to die due to that. While everything of the planets functions change, it seems that even humans and their behavior are also affected by the sudden slowdown of the earths rotation. Everyone receives the news and reacts to it in different ways. Panic reigns all around and justifiably so. One of the most interesting things of the novel is the contrast in the behavior of Julias parents. Julia describes her mothers behavior as overdramatic at times and that she overstates almost everything or that she talks about god awful things on a regular basis (Walker). She, while going out once to the grocery store in the morning learns about the slowing of the planet and upon arrival to the house lets the others know as well. Helen panics and starts to think what would happen or what effects may this new natural problem on the lives of the people. She cannot sit properly and has to drink whiskey in order to calm herself down. On the other hand, Julias father, Joel is as calm as one can be. He is a doctor who delivers babies. To him, concluding upon anything with a good and wide source of proof is something that seems to be a bearer of flawed results. He stays calm and watches what the news reporters, the scientists, the experts on different matters all say about the slowdown (Walker). However, he remains calm throughout the news presentations and asks Helen to do the same as being panicky would not be helpful anyhow. He even says that Julia should not be watching the TV as it may have negative effects on her and make her thinking or judgement clouded. He does act and seem very practical, but at times it hits as if like being too emotionless. He pleads to his daughter to stop thinking about it and insists on her to come outside the house and play soccer with him. Julias mother gets annoyed with Joel as she thinks he is not taking things seriously and his calm makes her uneasy. She asks him not to go to work that day and stay home with his family. But Joel, being cynical of the entire condition and skeptical about its effects, brushes off her request and goes to work anyhow. He holds his responsibilities over anything else that shows his moral strength in comparison to his wife. He calmly tries to explain to his family that things are unlikely to change so drastically (Walker). Helen, remains unconvinced by her husbands assurances and starts to prepare for a calamity nonetheless. She stocks up on flashlights and starts storing food. Joel does not think too much about the slowdown and even works double shifts because most of the staff at the hospital where he works do not show up. When he comes back home and learns that Julia knows about the death of the woman at the hospital he genuinely becomes upset, which shows his nature to protect his dau ghter from any sort of disturbing news. The difference in their attitude and reception of the news made the relationship between Julias parents eventually turn into something bitter and her mother started to become more and more annoyed with him. While Julias father was cynical at first, he quickly accepted the change and tried to adapt to the change as soon as possible, making the transition as smoothly he could, her mother accepts the change but denies to adapt accordingly. Joel seems much more practical and receptive, as well as adaptive, in a calm way, trying to understand what is going on. Julias mother is much more rigid and full of tension and panics (Walker). The contrast between the character of the two people is established through their behavior and their perceptions on the matter of the earths slowing down. References Walker, Karen T. The Age of Miracles.